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Project vs Program management

PM vs PgM in a single picture. (c) Gabor, 2025.

Comparing project – product – program management

PMI Standard for Program Management 5th Overview

By March 2024. PMI launched a new standard for the promotion of project programs в.

Like recent versions of the PMBOK, the program standard is based on principles that serve as guidelines for the behavior of people involved in programs as they influence and delineate program performance domains.

8 principles of Program management:

Stakeholders
Realization of benefits
Synergy
Team of teams
Changes
Leadership
Risks
Management

Management and control of the program are implemented within 6 domains:

Alignment with strategy
Benefits management
Involving interested parties (stakeholders)
leadership environment (framework)
Cooperation
Lifecycle management

Accordingly, the key competencies of the program manager are determined within the framework of the given domains, as well as – Systematic and analytical thinking and risk management skills, the ability to work in a VUCA environment (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, vagueness).

The basic structure of the program life cycle has remained unchanged (see figure below) and includes:

Defining the program (formulation and planning)
Delivering technical and business deliverables (including authorization and planning of program components, review and integration of components, handover and closure of components)
Consolidation and support of benefits
Program closure (program transfer, support of closure procedures and archiving of artifacts)
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XP (Extreme Programming) and SAFe (Scaled Agile Framework) were also mentioned as possible program management frameworks.

Program Management Principles

Involved parties (stakeholders)
Realization of benefits
Synergy – achieving super-effect, greater than from individual projects
Team of teams – coordination of multiple teams
Changes
Leadership
Risks
Management

Thus, we see a clear trend towards leadership and flexible approaches, which, in general, has always distinguished program management as a coordinating structure that manages according to benefits and priorities.

Program activities
Program integration management
— Infrastructure development
— Provision management

  • performance management
    — benefits management activities
    — support for the program change plan
    Definition phase activities (new entity)
    Delivery phase activities (new entity)
    Closing phase activities (new entity)
    Supporting activities

Integration Management
Change management
Communications management
Financial management
Information Management
Supply chain management
Quality control
Resource management
Management of risks
Schedule management\Content management

A useful feature of the new standard is the addition of an appendix that briefly describes the main tools and techniques.